第二章 · 复合句（二）
第二章-复合句（二）
二、定语从句
This is the pen （which/that） he bought yesterday.（关系代词指代先行词物体pen，在句子中作宾语。）
I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in =I lived in a house the roof of which has fallen in.（关系代词指代先行词物体house，在从句中作定语，所以用所有格形式。）
由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，通常用“介词+关系代词”的形式，此时关系代词只能是which，whom,whose.关系代词that和who不能作介词宾语，介词的确定取决于上下文的意思。
This is the farm on which his father works.
The residents, all of whom had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.
关系副词在从句中充当状语的成分，引导的从句修饰表示时间、地点和原因的先行词。
when=介词+which, where=介词+which, why=for which
I will not forget the days when we got together.
The reason why I am late is the heavy traffic.
I never forget the village where my grandparents lived.
定语从句其他重要知识点
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是整个句子不可缺少的组成部分，不用逗号同主句隔开。
非限制性定语从句是整个句子相对较为独立的一部分，是对主句中的先行词进行补充说明，缺少了也不会影响整个句子的意思，可以用逗号同主句隔开。
This is the house which/that she bought last year.（限制）
My father sent me a gift, which made me happy.（非限制）
that和which的区别
有些情况下只能用关系词that,而不宜用which.
有些情况下只能用which而不用that.
定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
根据that在从句中是否担任成分来判断。
that 在定语从句中一般要作主语或者是宾语，而同位语从句中的引导词that被称为连接词，不担任任何成分，只起连接作用。
The news that we won the game inspired everyone.（同从）
What is the news that made him so happy.（定从）
三、状语从句
引导状语从句的词语叫从属连词
时间状语从句
一般性的：
When i went into the room,he was reading.
I will tell you after they leave.
I'll telephone you as soon as I get there.
She said she would phone me as soon as she got there.
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.
跟time有关的从属连词
表示“一……就……”的从属连词。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句 的从属连词有supposing（that）/provided/providing（that）假如
on condition that（在……的条件下）
He will do the work providing you pay him.
We'll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.
目的状语从句
Take the raincoat in case it rains.
Be careful lest you fall from that tree. 免得，以防。
He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 以免、唯恐。
结果状语从句
She is so good a teacher（ such a good teacher） that all the students like her.
原因状语从句
Seeing that you‘re already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.
Given that you're interested in children, I am sure ……
复合句
【例-单选题】Is this the factory __ you visited the other day?
网校答案：C
