第一章 · 动词(二)
第一章-动词(二)
四、情态动词
情态动词要和主要动词一起使用,一般放在谓语动词之前,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加上“not”。有的情态动词有过去式和现在式两种形式,例如,
can-could ; may-might ; (注意:在表示推测之意的时候,might和could不一定和过去时相关,而表示可能性弱,与他们的现在时相对应,例如,This may/might be done by her.这个可能是由她干的。语气逐渐变弱)
must-must(主观上必须);
have to - had to(客观上必须) ;
need-needed ; shall-should ; will-would ;
ought to -ought to ; dare-dared(敢于)。
情态动词的考点透视
(1)表示必要性:“must+动词原形”表示现在或将来必须,表示现在或将来不必做某事时,用“don‘t have to do”或“don’t need to do” 或needn‘t do ;mustn’t 表示“不允许禁止”。
(2)表示“宁愿做什么”的表达(一定熟记句式)
would rather do sth
would rather do sth than do sth
would do something rather than do something
would rather somebody did something
prefer to do something
prefer to do something rather than do something
prefer doing something to doing something
(3)情态动词+have done ,有两种含义:
对过去情况的猜测。
表示对过去事实的主观设想。有轻微的责备、后悔之意。
must have done想必,准是一定做了。
could/couldn‘t have done本来可以做某事的(却没有),否定表示“不可能”。
should have done本该做某事,而实际上未做,用在否定句中则表示不该做的事反而做了。
had better have done当时做了某事就好了—You had better have started earlier.
would rather have done当时宁愿做了某事—I would rather have taken her advice.
would like /love to have done表示愿意做某事,但未做成。
(4)cann't but +do sth不得不、只好做某事
I cannot but choose to sleep.
(5)may well 和may as well
may well+动词原形,“完全可能,很可能,大可做什么”
He may well be proud of his daughter.
may as well +动词原形,“最好,满可以,倒也不错”
You may as well do it at once.
(6)can not /can never 与enough /too 连用表示“再……也不为过”
The doctor can not be too careful when operating on patients.
医生给病人做手术时越仔细越好/再怎么认真也不为过。
(7)need和dare
可做情态动词+动词原形,也可做实义动词+带to的不定式,有时态、人称和数的变化。
在肯定句中,dare to do sth
在否定句和疑问句中,dare后面可以加上to或者是不带to的不定式。
I dare say 基本上已是固定用法。
动词
【例-单选题】The pianist didn't until the last minute before the concert.
网校答案:A
网校解析:turn up出现;turn out关掉; turn off关掉,完成;turn on打开。
📝 陕西成人高校学位英语历年真题含答案解析
以下真题均考查本节知识点,建议先自己作答,再展开解析查看。
1. Tom, together with his friends, _____ to the old people's home to help with the cleaning every week.